Agricultural machine for rolling, mowing, and other similar operations.



G. H. COLT.

AGRIGULTURAL MACHINE FOR ROLLING, MOWING, AND OTHER SIMILAR OPERATIONS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28. 1909.

Patented Nov. 23, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

ANDREW. a mun! w, Fuumunmauntns. wAsmNn G. H. COLT. AGRICULTURAL MACHINEFOR ROLLING, MOWING, AND OTHER SIMILAR OPERATIONS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22, 1909; 941,309. Patented Nov. 23, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

S I W ANDREW a, sun: (20.. rnotauwaommsns. wAswmnmh. n. c.

G. H. COLT.

AGRICULTURAL MACHINE FOR ROLLING, MOWING, AND OTHER SIMILAR OPERATIONS.

. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28. 1909. Patented Nov. 23, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET a.

mew n saw. (20,. PnoTo-unluammlus. wAsmuavou. c. c

G. H. COLT.

AGBIGULTUBAL MAGHINE FOB ROLLING, MOWING, AND OTHER SIMILAR OPERATIONS.urmoynon rI-Lnn an. 28. 1909.

941,309. Patented Nov. 23, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

munzw. a. GRAHAM co. Pnomun uomvnsna. wASmnfoN, n. c.

UN STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE HERBERT COLT, OF WEST HAMPSTEAD, ENGLAND.

AGRICULTURAL MACHINE FOR ROLLING, MOWING, AND OTHER SIMILAR OPERATIONS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HERBERT COLT, M. 13., F. R. C. S. Eng, asubject of the King of Great Britain, residing at i Priory Court,Mazewood avenue, lVest Hampstead, in the county of Middlesex, England,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating toAgricultural Operations, such as Rolling, Mowing, and other Similar()perations, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to rolling, mowing and other similar agriculturaloperations and has for its chief object to enable such operations asrolling, mowing, and the like to be effected in a. more simple andeffective manner than heretofore.

According to this invention the aforesaid agricultural operations areeffected automatically by an apparatus capable of treat ing portions orplots of land of any area in a continuous manner in one or more direc-,tions. Assuming, for example, a lawn is to be treated, the apparatuswould automatically traversethe length of the same, and when nearing theedge in its forward movement would be deviated laterally and its motionreversed to enable it to traverse the adjoining strip of lawn in theopposite direction, these deviations and reversals occurring each timethe apparatus reaches the end of its longitudinal travel and in this wayenabling the whole surface of the lawn to be treated in an effectivemanner. Moreover the apparatus can be arranged to automatically reversethe direction of movement when the whole surface of the lawn has beentraversed in one direction, so as to cause the apparatus to re-traversethe ground on its return in the opposite direction. In this way it willbe seen that a lawn or plot of land of any area may be treatedautomatically by merely setting and adjusting the apparatus beforestarting.

In order that-the said invention may be clearly understood and readilycarried into effect I will proceed to describe the same more fully withreference to the examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings inwhich Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view in elevation of the improvedapparatus as used for rolling operations and Fig. 2 a corresponding planthereof. Fig. 3 is a view of the mechanism for effecting the steering,the rear rollers being removed to show the parts Specification ofLetters Patent.

Application filed- January 28, 1909.

Patented Nov. 23, 1909. Serial No. 474,787.

more clearly. Figs. 4 to 10 are detail views thereof drawn to anenlarged scale. Fig. 11 is a view showing the mechanism for effect ingthe change in lateral deviation when the apparatus is required tore-traverse the ground. Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating the path ofthe apparatus when treating a lawn or other plot of land. Fig. 13 is anelevation of a modified form of mechanism for effecting the lateraldeviation and retaining the fore-carriage of the apparatus in alinementwith the body when traversin a straight path and Fig. 13 a detailthereof. Fig. 1a is a plan of the mechanism, and Fig. 15 a section onthe line 1515 of Fig. 13. Figs. 16 and 17 are an elevation and planrespectivelyof a modified form of gear for actuating the mechanism foreffecting the reversal of the lateral deviation. Fig. 18 is an elevationof a modified form of the apparatus and Fig. 19 a plan thereof. Fig. 20is a view illustrating the mode of providing for the machine carryingvarious implements, or devices for use in agricultural operations ingeneral. Fig. 20 is a detailed view showing the worm 6 engaging theforked slide. Fig. 21 is an elevation thereof. Figs. 22 to 25 inclusiveare detail views of this attachment.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 8 a is the frame of the apparatus mounted uponthe bipart rollers a, a which are adapted to turn freely on theirrespective shafts except when other wise arranged. The former of theserollers a is provided with a suitable fore-carriage a and is mounted inthe frame a so as to be capable of guiding the apparatus in itsmovements. The extremities Z) of the shaft 0 which carries the bipartroller (4 are adapted to move in slots Z) formed in the members 6 of theframe and may be provided with suitable roller bearings. This shaft isalso provided with divided collars b to which is attached thefore-carriage (0*, the arrangement being such that the forecarriage canbe readily detached from the shaft (6* when desired. The portions of theshaft a which carry the divided collars are preferably formed of squaresection so l as to enable the fore-carriage a to be securely mountedupon said shaft. Two lock nuts a (Fig. 2) are also provided upon theshaft a so as to allow for adjustment for wear. On the fore-carriage ais mounted an angular member 0 secured thereto in any suitable manner.The underside of this an gular member is provided with two curvedmembers 0 together forming a guide in which the correspondingly curvedprojection 0 carried by the cross member 0 of the frame is located. Theprojection a? is made a working fit between the two curved guide members0 of the fore-carriage and serves in conjunction with the bearingafforded to the collars b by the curved surfaces 6 of the frame 6 tocontrol the guiding movements of the bipart roller a. The angular member0 of the fore-carriage is provided with a hole 0* located midway betweenthe two curved guide members 0 and when the fore-carriage is in positionfor guiding the apparatus in a straight path, this hole 0* registerswith a corresponding hole 0 formed in the curved projection o of thecross member 0 of the frame. Into these holes a pin d is adapted toenter so as to prevent the fore-carriage from moving and the apparatusfrom deviating from its straight course. The pin (Z carries a part dbent up at one end to form a tappet (Z2 and at the other end issubjected to the action of the spring (Z which tends to depress the pinto engage with the holes 0*, 0 Between the rollers a, and a two members(Z cl (Fig. 8) are arranged to support the mechanism effecting theguiding movements of the fore-carriage and these members are secured tothe frame a. The member Z is provided with an intermediate support dwhich together with the member 6Z5 has bearings for the shaft 6. Thisshaft 6 is driven from the shaft 9 by means of the sprocket wheels 9 ande connected by a continuous chain g The said shaft 6 carries ratchetwheels 6, e which are secured thereto in any suitable manner and whichactuate respectively through the pawls e e the adjacent bevel pinions ae which are loosely mounted on the shaft 0. The pawls e e are arrangedwith respect to the ratchet wheels 6, 6 so that only one of them will bein engagement with its ratchet wheel when the shaft 0 is rotated in anyparticular direction; on reversing the direction of rotation the pawlpreviously in engagement will be released and the other one engaged withits ratchet wheel. The shaft 6 also carries a worm 6 (Fig. 3) with whicha nut e engages so as to have a lateral motion imparted thereto toreverse the direction of movement of the apparatus when predetermineddistances have been traversed, said nut being guided in its movements bya projection thereon engaging with the guide 6 The nut-e is providedwith a forked piece (6 which is adapted by suitable means, such as acounterweight arranged in a position of unstable equilibrium to bringabout the reversal of the prime mover. The nut e is also adapted toactuate a rod 0 (Fig. 2) by the forked piece 6 thereof engaging with oneor other of the projections e, e of the rod 6 according to the directionof movement of the nut a along the worm 6 said rod 6 being slidablymounted in lugs 6 to allow of such lateral movement. To the outerextremity of the sliding rod 6 is connected one end of the lever gpivoted at g to the frame of the apparatus. The other extremity isconnected by a link g to the spindle g passing through the hollow shaft5/ of the rear bipart roller (4 the said spindle being capable ofrotating in a collar 9 formed on the said link 9 The shaft 9 carriesloosely mounted thereon the two sets of ratchet wheels g g and thesprocket wheels g 9 these wheels can be secured to the shaft 9* by meansof the snugs g which are brought into engagement with correspondingrecesses or openings formed in the bosses of said wheels, the saidengagement being eflected by actuating the sliding spindle g in thedesired direction. Two pairs of pawls h, h engage with the ratchetwheels 9 9 said pawls being carried by the rods h secured to therespective parts of the roller a These pawls are arranged in a similarmanner to the above mentioned pawls e 6 carried by the bevel pinions e'6 each pawl of the respective pair being adapted for engagement withits corresponding ratchet wheel for a particular direction of rotationof the hollow shaft g". It will be seen that one or other of the ratchetwheels 9 g of each set is secured according to the direction of movementof the spindle 9 This results in an automatic differential motion beingestablished between the two members of the bipart roller a irrespectiveof the direction of longitudinal traverse of the apparatus. The sprocketwheels 9 g are however connected to the shaft irrespective of thedirection of movement of the spindle.

Arranged above and engaging with the bevel pinions 0 e is a bevel wheel7 carried by the vertically disposed shaft 7" and owing to thedisposition of the bevel pinions c c and the ratchet wheels 0 e thedirection of rotation of this shaft will be independent of the directionof rotation of the power shaft 6, said shaft f being driven in the samedirection for both directions of rotation of the shaft 0. The shaft 7has secured thereto a sleeve 7 (Fig. 4) on which is formed a worm fhaving at its upper end a portion f of an inclination much greater thanthe convolutions of the worm so that in a small movement of the wormthis portion i rises to a suitable distance say for example a distanceapproximately equal to the pitch of the worm.

Above the worm f is mounted a .member 7 (Fig. at) splined to the shaft7" in such a manner as to be capable of vertical movement. The key fcarried by this sliding member moves with it and is arranged to engagewith the boss 7 of the edge cam f when the member f and key f are intheir highest position. This edge cam is loosely mounted on the shaft 7and is only rotated therewith when engaged with the splined member Thesprings f, Fig. 3, aid in maintaining the said cam in its Zero position.

The key 7 of the member 7 is arranged in a groove 7" in the shaft 7" andextends beyond the upper surface of the cross member (Z into engagementwith a collar to. On this collar the spring to rests so that the member7' is raised into engagement with the cam 7 against the action of thespring which thus tends to return it after being raised. The mode ofeffecting the engagement of these two parts may be varied and anyconvenient form of claw coupling or clutch may be employed. Bearing onthe edge of the cam are two rollers f 7" carried respectively by arms f7', projecting vertically above the angular member 0 of thefore-carriage a of the apparatus. Parallel with the axis of the shaft 7"is a guide rod 7L upon which is mounted the slider h (Fig. 3) an arm jof which is adapted to engage with and traverse the length of the wormf. This slider comprises a boss j (Figs. 5 and 6) having projections j7' and a vertically disposed arm carrying toward its upper end theprojections j the former of which is curved in a suitable manner. Theprojection is shown arranged laterally in regard to the boss but ifdesired it may be arranged centrally in relation thereto. A spring jtends to keep the arm j on the slider normally in engagement with theworm, the movement of said arm being restricted by the vertical stop barf, Figs. 7 and 7 Adjacent to the worm f is located a cam, bar It, whichis secured in position by a projection 71 thereon engaging with acorresponding recess or opening formed in the upper surface of theintermediate support (,Z the lower part of this bar being cut away toform the recess if. The cam bar can be readily removed and replaced byany other bar to accord with requirements as will be hereinafterexplained. The upper end of the sleeve carries a cam f having aprojection f the action of which will be eX- plained later.

The power for driving the apparatus may be obtained from an electricmotor or other suitable source of power (not shown) arranged on anyconvenient part of the structure. Power is transmitted from the motor tothe sprocket wheel g to actuate the shaft and bipart roller a and fromthe sprocket wheel g to the sprocket wheel e secured to the intermediateshaft 0. In order to adjust the tension of the chain or belt, as thecase may be, which transmits power from the shaft to the intermediateshaft 6 through the sprocket wheels g and 6*, said shaft 9* may bemounted in bearings Z (Fi 10) capable of being moved in either directionby acting upon the respective wedge-pieces Z Z The tension of the chainor belt transmitting power from the generator to the shaft 9* isadjusted by altering the position of the generator relatively to theframework a. A wheel m is arranged in the path of the slider 7L4 and hasa rotary motion imparted thereto at each passage of the slider; thiswheel is intended for use with mechanism which serves to change thedirection of lat eral deviation of the apparatus when it has traversedthe surface of the lawn or plot of land under treatment and so cause thesame to re-traverse the ground. This latter mechanism may however bedispensed with and the action of the apparatus without this mechanismwill now be explained.

Assuming that it is desired to roll a lawn as shown in Fig. 12, theapparatus is started at A and follows a straight path to the point Awhere it deviates to traverse the adjoining strip of land in theopposite direction. The apparatus will assume a straight path to thepoint A? where it will again deviate to traverse the next adjoiningstrip in the opposite direction. These deviations and reversals willoccur each time the apparatus nears the edges of the lawn or plot andcause the same to traverse the path as shown by the arrows in the figureunder description. When the apparatus is started at A (Fig. 12) bothrollers will be in alinement and power will be transmitted from themotor to the shaft g" through the sprocket wheel 9 and chain 9 and fromthence to the bipart roller a through the pawls 7t and ratchet wheelsMotion will also be imparted to the shaft 0 through the sprocket wheelsge and chain g The rotation of the shaft 6 will cause the nut c totraverse the worm e and will. also impart motion to the bevel wheel fthrough the ratchet wheel 0 engaging with the pawl e on the bevel pinione". The shaft f will rotate with the bevel wheel and the arm orprojection of the slider 71* engaging with the worm f will cause thesaid slider to move vertically along the worm. This vertical movement ofthe slider will be uniform until the arm 7" reaches the surface f of theworm when the said slider will have a sudden vertical movement impartedthereto. This sudden vertical move ment will be imparted tothe splinedmember f" owing to the arm 7" on the slider engaging with the surface fand the arm imparting its upward movement to the member will lock thesame to the edge cam f. The locking is effected by the key f engagingwith a corresponding opening in the boss 7 of the cam f These twomembers will engage with each other until the arm riding on the uppersurface of the sleeve 7, strikes against the projection f on the cam 7",when the slider will be turned out from the worm f to assume the dottedposition shown in Fig. 7 In order to facilitate the working of the arm7" in relation to the projection f on the cam f the arm may be given acurved or bent formation. The arm 7" being thus taken out of engagementwith the worm f and the arm 7' with the member f the latter will assumeits lower position under the action of the spring 10 and the slider ifwill fall under the influence of the gravity and the spring 7'. the arm7" being retained out of engagement with the worm owing to its locationon the side of the cam bar is remote therefrom (Fig. 9). Vhen the arm jreaches the opening 7f formed in the cam bar it will enter intoengagement with the worm f under the influence of the spring j, andthereby again impart a vertical movement to the slider. By changing thecam bar is the travel of the slider may be varied; two cam bars fordifferent lengths of travel of the slider are shown in Fig. 8. Theengagement of the member f with the cam 7" will cause the latter to berotated and thereby impart motion to the fore carriage a through thearms f f to deviate the bipart roller a from its course.

When the apparatus is following a straight course the movement of thefore carriage relatively to the frame of the apparatus is prevented bythe pin (Z engaging with the holes or openings 0* and 0 formedrespectively in the angular member 6 of the fore carriage and the curvedprojection 0 of the cross member 0 of the frame, but when the member fis brought into engagement with the cam f, the curved arm 7' of theslider engages with the tappet cl of the pin (Z thereby disengaging thelatter from the openings 0* and 0 and unlocking the fore carriage. Therotation of the cam imparts motion to the arms f and 7 and through themto the fore carriage thereby causing the apparatus to deviate from itsstraight path as shown at A. When the cam has completed a revolution itwill be seen that the rollers are again brought into alinement and onreversal of the power a straight course will be followed until the pointA is reached. To enable this return motion to be effected it isnecessary to reverse the direction of rotation imparted to the apparatusby the motor and to disengage the ratchet wheels g from the shaft 9* andsecure the other ratchet wheels to the said shaft. These two operationsare effected by means of-the nut a which in its lateral movement isadapted to control the necessary switches or gear for reversing thepower, and also to impart motion to the spindle g through the lever gand link to engage one or other of the ratchet wheels 9'' or g with-thehollow driving shaft 9, ac-

length of 100 ft. it can be used for any lawn or plot of land notexceeding this length. If it is desired to treat a lawn 50 feet inlength, only half the worm is brought into action, this result beingobtained by employing a cam bar K having the opening K formed at the midposition of the worm VVhen' the apparatus reaches the point A (Fig. 12)the fore-carriage a will again be acted upon by the cam 7 to cause theap paratus to deviate from its straight course and return in theopposite direction along the adjoining strip of land. These deviationsand reversals will take place whenever the apparatus reaches the boundsof the land under treatment and in this manner enable the same to betreated automatically in an improved manner. hen the above mentionedapparatus has traversed the breadth of the land it has to be stopped asno provision is made for automatically reversing the lateral deviationwhen this point is reached and this is efiected either by hand or by anadaptation of the gear to be next described, whereby the cam m thereofis caused to switch off the generator. To obtain this automatic reversalof the lateral deviation a toothed wheel 1% (Fig. 3) is provided; thiswheel is adapted to be rotated through a distance equal to one tooth ateach upward movement of the slider h, the arm j on the latter engagingwith and rotating the same. On the downward movement of the slider ifthe arm j is clear of the wheel at and consequently does not affect thesame. The toothed wheel m is securely mounted upon the shaft 127/coupled by suitable gear wheels m m with the shaft m carrying the cam m.This train of gear wheels is also provided with a suitable ratchet andpawl so that motion can only be imparted thereto in one direction.

Instead of using one cam f two cams f are used in this arrangement bothcams being carried on one boss and moving together, the lower of the twocams acting to deviate the fore-carriage in a similar manner to thesingle cam of the previous arrangement and the upper cam acting in aprecisely opposite manner. The arms f and f (Fig. 11) of thefore-carriage are made hollow to allow for the passage of the rods n anda carrying respectively the rollers f and f adapted to engage with thecams f These rods at and n are carried by a member 12 actuated in avertical direction by a roller n engag ing with the cam m", the saidmember being guided in its movement by the guides a Slots n a in themember n allow of the deviation of the fore-carriage without disturbingthe arrangement of the guides a The other parts of the apparatus remainthe same and operate in the manner already described.

When the apparatus reaches the point A on the lawn (Fig. 12) the cam atwill have been rotated from the position shown in Fig. 11 to bring therollers j f into engagement with the upper cam f which is oppositelyarranged to the lower cam and which serves to deviate the fore-carriagein the opposite direction. This movement of the fore-carriage guides theapparatus on to the adjoining strip of land previously traversed, thecam f being disengaged from the sliding member f when the fore-carriagehas brought the roller a again into alinement with the roller (4 The camm may be varied in size and in shape according to requirements and maybe arranged so as to bring into operation a supplementary gear train tocontrol the upward or downward motion of the member n The supplementaltrain may be driven from the shaft f by suit able bevel or other gearingas will be hereinafter described. The reversing of the power and theaction of the sliding spindle g are controlled by the nut a as alreadydescribed. WVhen the apparatus arrives at A it will again traverse thepath A, A; A as previously described.

Referring to Figs. 13 to 15 in which is shown a modified arrangement forobtaining the deviation of the apparatus in both directions only one camf is employed this being a face cam instead of the edge cams previouslydescribed. The toothed wheel m is adapted to be rotated by the arm j ofthe slider h' in a similar manner to the corresponding wheel in theprevious arrangement. The deviation of the fore-carriage is obtained bythe action of the face cam f on one or other of the bell crank levers 00. These bell crank levers are provided with slots 0 at their ends whichare superimposed and arranged at right angles to each other, pins 0 and0* being arranged so as to be free to move along the said slots. The pin0 is secured to the angular member 0 of the forecarriage and the otherpin 0 is secured to the slider 0 mounted upon the rod 0 carried by theframe of the apparatus, the saidpin being adapted to engage with thegroove 05 of the cam f' The pivots 0 0 of the bell crank levers aremounted upon the lever p pivoted to the under side of the support 79carried by the frame of the apparatus. As will be seen from Fig. 15 themovements of the lever are controlled by the link 79 the lower extremityof which engages with the 7 face cam in.

The link 9 works in the guide 7). The pivot pins 0 0 pass throughopenings in the underside of the support p into engagement withcorresponding holes 22 p formed in the bosses 0 0 of the respective bellc ank levers. Only one of these pivot pins is in engagement at a timedepending upon the position in the cam slot m of the lower extremity ofthe link 39 The arrangement is such that when the apparatus is startedat A (Fig. 12) the pivot pin 0 will be in engagement with the opening 29in the boss 0 of the bell crank lever 0. The deviation of thefore-carriage will thus be controlled by this lever 0 under theinfluence of the cam f.

The necessary deviations and reversals will be imparted to the apparatusas already described until the same reaches the point A when this pointis reached the pivot pin 0 will be disengaged from the boss 0 and thepivot pin 0 will be engaged with the boss 0 of the bell crank 0. Thisresult is obtained through the cam m being rotated by the toothed wheelm to actuate the link p The speed of rotation of the cam m may bereadily varied by altering the gearing 2 connecting the same to thedriving wheel m and the apparatus thus set for treating plots of land ofany width. The supplemental train to be described later may also beemployed. The action of the lever 0' on the fore-carriage a will deviatethe same in the opposite direction to that in which it was deviated bythe lever 0 as will be readily seen from the drawing; one cam thusserves to control all movements of the fore-carriage a relatively to theframe of the apparatus. The locking of the forecarriage a may beeffected in a similar manner to that described with reference to Figs. 1to 10.

An arrangement in which a supplemental train is employed in conjunctionwith the cam m is shown in Figs. 16 and 17. In this arrangement thetoothed wheel m is mounted upon the same shaft m as the face cam m whichis provided with the cam surface m Adjacent to the shaft m is arrangedthe support m to which is pivoted the lever m This lever is capable ofmoving freely in a horizontal plane and has one of its extremities mforked and the other provided with a roller m which is adapted to engagew'th .the face of the cam m, being held up to the surface by the springm The forked end m of the lever m is adapted to engage and impartlongitudinal movement to the claw clutch m to engage the same with thecorresponding part 992, formed on the boss m of the bevel wheel 12?,loosely mounted upon the shaft m. The clutch m is splined to the shaft722. in such a manner as to rotate with said shaft but be capable oflongitudinal movement therein; normally the clutch is held out ofengagement with the part m by the action of the spring m and is onlybrought into engagement therewith when the roller m at the extremity ofthe lever m engages with the cam surface m The bevel wheel m" is alwaysin engagement with the bevel wheel m which is carried by the shaft fsupporting the worm f actuating the slider. By this means the bevelwheel m is continuously operated but owing to its loose mounting uponthe shaft on it cannot impart motion thereto until the claw clutch m isbrought into engagement there with. The working of this arrangement willbe readily understood as it will be seen that motion will be imparted tothe face cam m to actuate the claw clutch on, by the toothed wheel mimparting motion to the shaft m (Fig. 17 The reversal of the lateraldeviation therefore results as the bevel gearing m, m imparts motion tothe cam m when the clutch is engaged. This arrangement permits of thereversal of the lateral deviation being readily varied and of theapparatus being adapted for use on tracts of land of considerable width.

Referring to Figs. 18 and 19, these illustrate a modified form of theapparatus as a whole, in which the slider h is adapted to movehorizontally instead of vertically as in the previous arrangements.Motion is transmitted to the shaft f' from the rear roller shaft 9*through the sprocket wheel 6. The worm f for actuating the slider ismounted on the shaft f together with the worm e for actuating the nut ethis latter serves to reverse the motor and actuate the spindle g in thehollow shaft g* of the roller (0 (Fig. 2). The cam f is loosely mountedon the shaft f and is adapted to be secured to the same by the snug 1carried by the collars r r engaging therewith. The collars r 1' are freeto slide along the shaft f but rotate therewith as they are splined tothe said shaft. The gearing between the shafts f and f is such that thedirection of rotation of the latter is independent of the direction ofrotation caused by the power, owing to the said gearing comprisingtrains of two and three wheels respectively, the wheels r 1' being inmesh for one direction ofrotation and the wheels 1* 9 r in mesh for theother direction of rotation. The change of gearing is effected by thenut a acting on the sliding rod e to impart lateral movement to the gearwheels 7 r. The reversal of the direction of deviation of thefore-carriage a is effected by the bell crank levers 0, 0 in a similarmanner to the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 13 to 15 and thereforerequires no further description. The toothed wheel m controlling thismovement is however not actuated by the slider h but by a projection orpawl ]L on the cam f said pawl only actuating the toothed wheel when thecam moves in one direction. The locking of the fore-carriage is effectedby a pin (Z carried by the pivoted lever d." engaging with a hole formedin the forked member s transmitting motion from the cam f to the bellcrank levers 0, 0. The pin (Z is disengaged from the member s when theextremity of the lever (Z is depressed by contact with the collar 7 saidextremity being sloped or chamfered to facilitate the action. In thismodification the deviation will occur at the mid point of the end to endtraverse and not at the bounds of the lands under treatment as inthe-previous arrangements. The snug r moves from side to side of the camf and only looks said cam to the shaft f when in engagement with one ofa series of corresponding slots formed equidistantly in the boss of thecam. Then the plot of land under treatment has been traversed the pivotpin previously in engagement with the boss of its corresponding bellcrank will be withdrawn and the other pivot pin engaged with itscorresponding bell crank lever as previously described with reference toFig. 15. This action will result in the apparatus being deviated in theopposite direction, causing the same to retraverse the land back totheinitial starting point A, the reversals of the power sup ply takingplace in the same manner irrespective of the direction of traverse ofthe apparatus.

\Vhen the apparatus is intended for use in connection with otheragricultural operations the arrangement or attachment shown in Figs. 20to 25 may be employed. The implements and devices required for theseoperations are arranged at each extremity of a rocking frame a inclosingthe ordinary frame a of the apparatus. It will be seen that, in order toperform these operations for both directions of movement of theapparatus the devices mounted at each end of the rocking frame will haveto be brought into opera.- tion. To attain this result the frame a isadapted to be rocked about its pivot t at each reversal, in thedirection of motion of the apparatus so as to raise one set ofimplements 'out of operation and to lower the other set into operation.

The apparatus comprises in addition to the reversing and deviatingmechanism previously described special bevel gearing If driven from therear shaft g of the roller, the said gearing actuating the forked slidert (Fig. 20) through a worm 25 engaging therewith to impart horizontalmovement to the bent rod 25 The rod 6 is guided in its movements by lugst, t (Fig. 23) carried by the frame a of the apparatus. Adjacent to thepivot 23 of the rocking frame a" depending plates 6 (Figs. 22 and 24:)are provided one being bolted at each side of the frame, said platesbeing so arranged that they may be detached and replaced in the invertedposition when desired. These de pending plates are formed with curvedslots t of the same width as the horizontal slots 14 formed incorresponding depending plates 10' secured to the frame a of theapparatus. These depending plates are arranged so that the slots 25 anda face each other, and av cross arm i on the bent rod 25 is arranged asa sliding fit between these slots (Fig. 25). The cross arm 6 isfurnished with a hinged sector 25 which on engagement with the pin 27''projecting into the slot 20 exercises a wedging action which serves tolock the rocking frame a to the frame a of the apparatus. These pins imay be arranged at varying distances apart according to requirements.Owing to the formation of the slots it and u the outer frame will berocked about its pivot t when the cross arm t is moved horizontally andwill be finally locked to the frame a by the wedging action of thepivoted sector 6 incidental to its contact with one of the pins 25. Therocking frame is also provided with two sets of gearin a a en a inresiectivel with k D 7 b t: C

the gear wheels a a coupled with the source of power of the apparatus,the arrangement being such that the said wheels are thrown into and outof engagement according to the direction in which the apparatus ismoving. The sets of gearing a and n are connected with the devices orimplements arranged at the respective ends of the rocking frame a andserve to actuate the same. A direct drive may also be provided by meansof the central power shaft 16 (Fig. 2st) which runs through the hollowpivots t of the rocking frame a Suitable brackets s may be provided forguiding the rocking frame in its movements or for fixing the said framein any desired position by means of a suitable cramp.

The cams for deviating the fore-carriage may be such that all linesdrawn through their centers of rotation are approximately of equallength. A cam arranged in this manner, is capable of imparting thenecessary deviation to the fore-carriage and returning the same to itsposition of alinement. The formation of the cam may however be modifiedas desired.

A tray may be placed under the whole of the gear and motor to catch theoil, and scrapers s (Fig. l) for the rollers may be attached to theframe of the machine.

Two detachable sighting bars B, B (Fig. 1) may be provided for settingthe apparatus with respect to the plot of ground to be treated. Theapparatus is generally arranged to be driven at a speed of a foot and ahalf per second, but this may be varied. A clutch may be providedbetween the source of power and the machine and may be operated inconjunction with the reverse. The driving mechan sm may be modified byproviding a differential gearing which is driven by a shaft carriedbetween the two back rollers or drums. A direct drive may be taken tothe back rollers or drums without the intervention of the differentialgear above described. The drums or rollers may be modified in size andshape to suit the surface of the ground to be treated, and intervals ofany desired width may be left between said drums. Any number of drumsmay be mounted on the two main shafts and the surfaces of the drums maybe corrugated or fluted or provided with flanges or ribs as may bedesirable when agricultural operations other than rolling operations arebeing effected.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesis 1. In a machine for performing rolling, mowing, and similaragricultural operations the combination with a source of power of meansfor causing the machine to automatically traverse a lawn or plot of landof any area in a zig-zag path.

2. In a machine for performing rolling, mowing and similar agriculturaloperations the combination of a source of power and means for causingthe machine to automatically traverse a lawn or plot of land of any areain a zig-zag path in more than one direction.

3. In a machine for automatically performing agricultural operations,the combination of a source of power means for transmitting said powerto impart motion to the machine, and means for causing the said machineto deviate so as to traverse a zigzag path.

4. In a'machine for automatically performing agricultural operations,the combination of a source of power means for transmit-ting said powerto impart motion to the machine, means for causing the said machine todeviate so as to traverse a zig-zag path, and means for effecting thereversal of the direction of movement.

5. In a machine for automatically performing agricultural operations,the combination of a source of power, means for transmitting said powerto impart motion to the machine, means for causing the said machine todeviate so as to traverse a zig-zag path, means for effecting thereversal of the direction of movement when said deviation takes place,and means for causing the direction of said deviation to be reversed forcausing the machine to retraverse the ground.

6. In a machine for performing rolling, mowing and similar agriculturaloperations, the combination with a source of power, of means for causingthe machine to automatically traverse a lawn or plot of land of any areain a zig-zag path and an attachment which can be brought into or out ofengagement with the ground and source of power according to thedirection in which the machine is moving.

7. In a machine for performing rolling, mowing and similar agriculturaloperations, the combination of a source of power, means for causing themachine to automatically 10 traverse a lawn or plot of land of any areain a zig-zag path, an attachment which can be brought into or out ofengagement with the ground and source of power according to thedirection in which the machine is moving, and means for locking theaforesaid attacl'nnent in its various positions.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE HERBERT COLT. \Vitnesses \VALTER J. SKERTEN, T. SELBY VVARDLE.

